https://sajaas.basc.edu.ph/index.php/sajaas <p>Southeast Asian Journal of Agriculture and Allied Sciences (SAJAAS) is the official research journal of Bulacan Agricultural State College. It is an open access, international refereed journal that publishes results of research, development and extension projects/studies twice yearly, which are about or related to agriculture and allied sciences, including education, engineering and applied technology, environment, management, entrepreneurship, economics, and other natural, physical, and social sciences. It aims to promote the dissemination of RDE initiatives toward sustainable development in Southeast Asia, especially the Philippines. It is open for submission from authors all over the world, but will not commission third party work.</p> <p><em>Topics covered:</em> AGRICULTURE and ALLIED SCIENCES including, but not limited to:</p> <ul> <li>Education</li> <li>Environment</li> <li>Natural Sciences</li> <li>Physical Sciences</li> <li>Engineering and Applied Technology <em>(Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, Geodetic Engineering, Information Technology, and Food Technology)</em></li> <li>Development Communication</li> <li>Social Sciences</li> <li>Gender and Development</li> <li>Management <em>(Marketing, Hospitality Management, and Agribusiness Management)</em></li> <li>Entrepreneurship</li> <li>Economics</li> </ul> Bulacan Agricultural State College en-US Southeast Asian Journal of Agriculture and Allied Sciences 3082-3765 https://sajaas.basc.edu.ph/index.php/sajaas/article/view/64 <p>The Alternative Learning System (ALS) of the Philippines is essential for the provision of educational opportunities to adults and adolescents who are not enrolled in school. This study assessed ALS teachers' competencies and professional development needs in Makati City's Schools Division Office, examining their teaching strategies, challenges, and engagement methods. Using a mixed-methods approach, the study surveyed 53 ALS teachers through Google Forms to gather data on self-perceived competencies and professional development needs. Results revealed that while teachers rated their competencies as satisfactory to substantial, significant variations existed across instructional areas. Differentiated instruction emerged as the most substantial competency (4.1/5.0), while assessment and evaluation techniques needed the most improvement (3.6/5.0). Teachers reported using diverse engagement strategies, with collaborative learning (28%) and multimedia resources (26%) being the most effective. Key challenges included learner engagement, managing diverse backgrounds, and resource constraints. The study found that self-perceived competencies increased with teaching experience, highlighting the need for experience-based professional development. Based on these findings, recommendations include implementing tiered professional development systems, enhancing technology integration, developing learner diversity and engagement strategies, creating ALS-specific resources, fostering collaborative learning environments, and revising policies to better support ALS teachers. Future studies should explore learner perspectives and conduct comparative analyses across regions to identify best practices.</p> Cyrus Casingal Copyright (c) 2025 Southeast Asian Journal of Agriculture and Allied Sciences https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0 2025-04-15 2025-04-15 5 1 1 20 https://sajaas.basc.edu.ph/index.php/sajaas/article/view/59 <p>Assessing rabbit manure’s potential as a biofuel source for small-scale internal combustion engines was the primary objective of this study. The research utilized rabbit manure as feedstock, which was inoculated with carabao manure. A total of 60 kilograms of rabbit manure was subjected to treatment using a 1:1 water-to-manure ratio with a retention time of 25 days. Additionally, a microbial inoculant comprising 10% carabao manure was incorporated into the digestion process. The design consists of a split-type biogas digester with gasholder storage and a three-stage gas cleaning system, an internal combustion engine connected to a DC generator, and a simple lighting circuit. Findings indicated that the pH level recorded at 7.75 resulted in alkalinity which helped the biogas production by preventing the slurry from acidity. The total dissolved solids (TDS) were recorded at 3137 ppm, and it increased to 6980 ppm. For the performance evaluation in fueling the engine using biogas, the engine operated for 80 seconds and generates an average power of 31.66 watts.</p> Aldrin James Adriano Copyright (c) 2025 Southeast Asian Journal of Agriculture and Allied Sciences https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0 2025-04-15 2025-04-15 5 1 21 34